Alania, historically known as the homeland of the Alans, was a medieval state located in the Caucasus region, primarily in what is now northern Ossetia in Russia and parts of Georgia. The Alans were a nomadic group of Iranian origin who played a significant role in regional dynamics during the early Middle Ages. Alania reached its peak in the 9th to 11th centuries, becoming a formidable power that engaged in trade, cultural exchange, and military alliances. The region is rich in historical sites, including churches and fortresses, as well as beautiful landscapes that reflect its diverse heritage and significance in the context of the Caucasus.

Osetia, is a region in the Caucasus with a rich cultural and historical background. The Ossetians are an ethnic group descended from the ancient Alans, and they primarily speak the Ossetic language, which belongs to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. North Ossetia is known for its diverse landscapes, including mountains and valleys.